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    <div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>本文主要是uboot——NXP官方固件的相关笔记，若笔记中有错误或者不合适的地方，欢迎批评指正😃。</p>
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="5">PC端开发环境</td>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">Windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu20.04.2的64位版本</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 17 Pro</td>        <td align="left">17.6.0 build-24238078</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">终端软件</td>        <td align="left">MobaXterm(Professional Edition v23.0 Build 5042 (license))</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Win32DiskImager</td>        <td align="left">Win32DiskImager v1.0</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">Linux开发板环境</td>        <td align="center">Linux开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux 阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2019.04</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.19.71(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看本文参考资料 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">分类</td>        <td align="center">网址</td>        <td align="center">说明</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="5">官方网站</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.arm.com/" target="_blank">https://www.arm.com/</a></td>        <td align="left">ARM官方网站，在这里我们可以找到Cotex-Mx以及ARMVx的一些文档</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/" target="_blank">https://www.nxp.com.cn/ </a></td>        <td align="left">NXP官方网站</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxpic.org.cn/" target="_blank">https://www.nxpic.org.cn/</a></td><td align="left">NXP 官方社区</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://u-boot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" target="_blank">https://u-boot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/</a></td><td align="left">u-boot官网</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.kernel.org/" target="_blank">https://www.kernel.org/</a></td><td align="left">linux内核官网</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="5">其他网站</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v4.15/source/kernel" target="_blank">kernel - Linux source code (v4.15) - Bootlin</a></td>        <td align="left">linux内核源码在线查看</td>    </tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看相关文件下载 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">分类</td>        <td align="center">网址</td>        <td align="center">说明</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">NXP</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx" target="_blank">https://github.com/nxp-imx</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP imx开发资源GitHub组织，里边会有u-boot和linux内核的仓库</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/linux-imx/releases/tag/v4.19.71" target="_blank">nxp-imx/linux-imx/releases/tag/v4.19.71</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP linux内核仓库tags中的v4.19.71</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx/releases/tag/rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0" target="_blank">nxp-imx/uboot-imx/releases/tag/rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0</a></td>        <td align="left">NXP u-boot仓库tags中的rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="2">I.MX6ULL</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/docs/en/data-sheet/IMX6ULLIEC.pdf" target="_blank">i.MX 6ULL Applications Processors for Industrial Products</a></td>        <td align="left">I.MX6ULL 芯片手册（datasheet，可以在线查看）</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://www.nxp.com.cn/webapp/Download?colCode=IMX6ULLRM&lang_cd=zh" target="_blank">i.MX 6ULL Applications ProcessorReference Manual</a></td>        <td align="left">I.MX6ULL 参考手册（下载后才能查看，需要登录NXP官网）</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="2">Source Code</td>        <td align="left"><a href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source" target="_blank">https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source</a></td>        <td align="left">linux kernel源码</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="left"><a href="https://elixir.bootlin.com/u-boot/latest/source" target="_blank">https://elixir.bootlin.com/u-boot/latest/source</a></td>        <td align="left">uboot源码</td>    </tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="一、uboot"><a href="#一、uboot" class="headerlink" title="一、uboot"></a><font size=3>一、uboot</font></h1><p>前面我们简单学习过uboot相关的概念，此处再回顾一下，总的来说uboot的目的是为了正确引导内核的启动，它分为两个阶段，即boot + loader，boot阶段启动系统，初始化硬件设备，建立内存空间映射图，将系统的软硬件带到一个合适的状态，loader阶段将操作系统内核文件加载至内存，之后跳转到内核所在地址运行。</p>
<p>那么我们今天来编译uboot，后面会简单修改uboot的内容适配自己的开发板，因为在真正的生产环境中，uboot是使用芯片原厂做好的，只是根据需要修改一下uboot，而不会去大改uboot的源码，这样子没有必要也没有意义，因为uboot就是为了引导内核启动的，启动后uboot就没有什么作用了，与其将uboot改得乱七八糟还不如花时间去维护内核的稳定性。</p>
<h1 id="二、uboot源码的下载"><a href="#二、uboot源码的下载" class="headerlink" title="二、uboot源码的下载"></a><font size=3>二、uboot源码的下载</font></h1><h2 id="1-源码版本选择"><a href="#1-源码版本选择" class="headerlink" title="1. 源码版本选择"></a><font size=3>1. 源码版本选择</font></h2><p>由于我使用的是ubuntu是20.04，所以太老版本的uboot编译的时候会报错，这是老版本的uboot因为用到的一些库在新版本的ubuntu中更新了，不再适用，这里我们直接下载一个比较新的版本，这里我选择uboot的2019.04版本（其实也尝试了更新的，但是吧，能力有限，老的东西都没明白，新的更不明白了，还是先用这个，熟练了再说更新的版本），我们可以去nxp的github仓库找一下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102135824099.png" alt="image-20241102135824099" />

<p>我们找到这个分支：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx/tree/imx_v2019.04_4.19.35_1.1.0">nxp-imx&#x2F;uboot-imx at imx_v2019.04_4.19.35_1.1.0 (github.com)</a>，我们打开提交记录来看一下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102135858435.png" alt="image-20241102135858435" />

<p>可以发现最新提交为：4d377539a1190e838eae5d8b8a794dde0696d572，我们就以这个版本为基础。我们看一下有没有tag，这样后面也好搞，我们去tag里翻一下，发现是有一个<code>rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0</code>的：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102135947763.png" alt="image-20241102135947763" />

<p>我们点开看一下，从这里点开会发现它就是刚才的分支，那么tag页面怎么去？我们直接用下面这个地址：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx/releases/tag/&lt;tag_name&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>也就是：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx/releases/tag/rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0">Release rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0: MLK-22866 imx8: Remove the optee shared memory from DDR banks · nxp-imx&#x2F;uboot-imx (github.com)</a>：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102140008607.png" alt="image-20241102140008607" />

<p>会发现这里的简短的提交记录和刚才是一样的，所以我们以后可以通过tag和提交记录或者分支来拉取这个版本的代码。是哪个版本的uboot？我们可以看一下里面的makefile文件：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx/blob/rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0/Makefile">uboot-imx&#x2F;Makefile at rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0 · nxp-imx&#x2F;uboot-imx (github.com)</a>：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241101222050551.png" alt="image-20241101222050551" />

<p>会发现版本正确。</p>
<h2 id="2-下载源码"><a href="#2-下载源码" class="headerlink" title="2. 下载源码"></a><font size=3>2. 下载源码</font></h2><p>我们可以使用下面的命令来下载：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git clone -b rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0 --depth=1 https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx.git</span><br><span class="line">git clone -b rel_imx_4.19.35_1.1.0 --depth=1 git@github.com:nxp-imx/uboot-imx.git</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这里我们加上 –depth参数，毕竟我们对以往的提交记录并不怎么感兴趣，另外，以往上万条提交记录，这里全下载的话要很久的。其实我们也可以直接去tag页面点击Source Code下载压缩包。我这里直接搞完上传到自己的gitee仓库了，所以我这里从自己的gitee仓库拉一下：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git clone git@gitee.com:sumumm/u-boot.git</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102141949663.png" alt="image-20241102141949663" />

<p>图中这一次提交的时候仅仅是更新了nxp的官方uboot 2019.04源码，还未做任何移植和适配。其实直接拉取最新的也一样，这里后面适配会添加支持包的，原版的不会动。只是这里和原版的文件稍微有些区别：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102141744371.png" alt="image-20241102141744371" />

<p>我的仓库中左侧设这几个文件没有，好像并不影响，这是因为这几个文件被git忽略了。</p>
<h1 id="三、编译源码"><a href="#三、编译源码" class="headerlink" title="三、编译源码"></a><font size=3>三、编译源码</font></h1><h2 id="1-更新交叉编译工具链"><a href="#1-更新交叉编译工具链" class="headerlink" title="1. 更新交叉编译工具链"></a><font size=3>1. 更新交叉编译工具链</font></h2><p>这里是因为后面编译的时候有警告：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102103908357.png" alt="image-20241102103908357" />

<p>我们直接到ARM官网去找：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/gnu-a">Downloads | GNU-A Downloads – Arm Developer</a></p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/QQ_1730515632502.png" alt="QQ_1730515632502" />

<p>我这里也选这个2019年的版本：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102104819947.png" alt="image-20241102104819947" />

<p>往下找到在linux中使用的版本：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102104947391.png" alt="image-20241102104947391" />

<p>可以用下面的脚本来下载安装，或者看这里<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://gitee.com/sumumm/linux-shell-script/blob/master/develop/arm-gcc.sh">develop&#x2F;arm-gcc.sh · 苏木&#x2F;linux-shell-script - 码云 - 开源中国 (gitee.com)</a>：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">!/bin/sh</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">HOST=arm-linux-gnueabihf</span><br><span class="line">SCRIPT_PATH=$(pwd)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">修改源码包解压后的名称</span></span><br><span class="line">MAJOR_NAME=gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">修改需要下载的源码版本前缀和后缀</span></span><br><span class="line">OPENSRC_VER_PREFIX=8.3</span><br><span class="line">OPENSRC_VER_SUFFIX=.0</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">PACKAGE_NAME=$&#123;MAJOR_NAME&#125;-$&#123;OPENSRC_VER_PREFIX&#125;$&#123;OPENSRC_VER_SUFFIX&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">定义压缩包名称</span></span><br><span class="line">COMPRESS_PACKAGE=gcc-arm-8.3-2019.03-x86_64-arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">定义编译后安装--生成的文件,文件夹位置路径</span></span><br><span class="line">INSTALL_PATH=/opt/$&#123;PACKAGE_NAME&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">无需修改--下载地址</span></span><br><span class="line">DOWNLOAD_LINK=https://developer.arm.com/-/media/Files/downloads/gnu-a/8.3-2019.03/binrel/$&#123;COMPRESS_PACKAGE&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">下载源码包</span></span><br><span class="line">do_download_src () &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   echo &quot;\033[1;33mstart download $&#123;COMPRESS_PACKAGE&#125;...\033[0m&quot;</span><br><span class="line">   if [ ! -f &quot;$&#123;COMPRESS_PACKAGE&#125;&quot; ];then</span><br><span class="line">      if [ ! -d &quot;$&#123;PACKAGE_NAME&#125;&quot; ];then</span><br><span class="line">        wget -c $&#123;DOWNLOAD_LINK&#125;</span><br><span class="line">      fi</span><br><span class="line">   fi</span><br><span class="line">   echo &quot;\033[1;33mdone...\033[0m&quot;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">解压源码包</span></span><br><span class="line">do_tar_package () &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   echo &quot;\033[1;33mstart unpacking the $&#123;PACKAGE_NAME&#125; package ...\033[0m&quot;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   mkdir -p $&#123;INSTALL_PATH&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   if [ ! -d &quot;$&#123;PACKAGE_NAME&#125;&quot; ];then</span><br><span class="line">      tar -xf $&#123;COMPRESS_PACKAGE&#125; -C $&#123;INSTALL_PATH&#125; --strip-components=1</span><br><span class="line">   fi</span><br><span class="line">   echo &quot;\033[1;33mdone...\033[0m&quot;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">删除下载的文件</span></span><br><span class="line">do_delete_file () &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   cd $&#123;SCRIPT_PATH&#125;</span><br><span class="line">   if [ -f &quot;$&#123;PACKAGE_NAME&#125;&quot; ];then</span><br><span class="line">      sudo rm -f $&#123;PACKAGE_NAME&#125;</span><br><span class="line">   fi</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">do_download_src</span><br><span class="line">do_tar_package</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">do_delete_file</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">exit $?</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>安装完毕后记得添加环境变量，然后看一下版本信息：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sumu@sumu-virtual-machine:~$ arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v</span><br><span class="line">使用内建 specs。</span><br><span class="line">COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc</span><br><span class="line">COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/home/sumu/2software/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf-8.3.0/bin/../libexec/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/8.3.0/lto-wrapper</span><br><span class="line">目标：arm-linux-gnueabihf</span><br><span class="line">配置为：/tmp/dgboter/bbs/rhev-vm8--rhe6x86_64/buildbot/rhe6x86_64--arm-linux-gnueabihf/build/src/gcc/configure --target=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix= --with-sysroot=/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc --with-build-sysroot=/tmp/dgboter/bbs/rhev-vm8--rhe6x86_64/buildbot/rhe6x86_64--arm-linux-gnueabihf/build/build-arm-linux-gnueabihf/install//arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc --with-bugurl=https://bugs.linaro.org/ --enable-gnu-indirect-function --enable-shared --disable-libssp --disable-libmudflap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran --with-gmp=/tmp/dgboter/bbs/rhev-vm8--rhe6x86_64/buildbot/rhe6x86_64--arm-linux-gnueabihf/build/build-arm-linux-gnueabihf/host-tools --with-mpfr=/tmp/dgboter/bbs/rhev-vm8--rhe6x86_64/buildbot/rhe6x86_64--arm-linux-gnueabihf/build/build-arm-linux-gnueabihf/host-tools --with-mpc=/tmp/dgboter/bbs/rhev-vm8--rhe6x86_64/buildbot/rhe6x86_64--arm-linux-gnueabihf/build/build-arm-linux-gnueabihf/host-tools --with-isl=/tmp/dgboter/bbs/rhev-vm8--rhe6x86_64/buildbot/rhe6x86_64--arm-linux-gnueabihf/build/build-arm-linux-gnueabihf/host-tools --with-arch=armv7-a --with-fpu=neon --with-float=hard --with-arch=armv7-a --with-pkgversion=&#x27;GNU Toolchain for the A-profile Architecture 8.3-2019.03 (arm-rel-8.36)&#x27;</span><br><span class="line">线程模型：posix</span><br><span class="line">gcc 版本 8.3.0 (GNU Toolchain for the A-profile Architecture 8.3-2019.03 (arm-rel-8.36)) </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h2 id="2-安装一些库"><a href="#2-安装一些库" class="headerlink" title="2. 安装一些库"></a><font size=3>2. 安装一些库</font></h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5 lib32tinfo5 libc6-i386 # 野火的教程中需要安装的</span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev                      # 正点原子教程需要安装的</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>我看了两个教程，他们安装的库名字有点不太一样，我安装的是libncurses5-dev这个，也没什么问题。</p>
<h2 id="3-编译源码"><a href="#3-编译源码" class="headerlink" title="3. 编译源码"></a><font size=3>3. 编译源码</font></h2><h3 id="3-1-清理工程"><a href="#3-1-清理工程" class="headerlink" title="3.1 清理工程"></a><font size=3>3.1 清理工程</font></h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- distclean # 清除生成的所有文件</span><br><span class="line">make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- clean     # 清除部分文件</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>为什么有两个？他们有什么区别？（这里为方便演示，直接对工程编译后再清除，其实首次下载完源码不需要清除也没啥问题）编译完成的时候源码目录下文件如下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241118223813509.png" alt="image-20241118223813509" />

<ul>
<li>make clean</li>
</ul>
<p>命令主要清除的是编译过程中生成的可执行文件以及配置文件。这些文件是具体编译任务的产物，例如.exe文件、.o文件等。清除这些文件有助于保持构建环境的干净，避免可能因残留文件导致的问题。然而，make clean并不会清除其他一些可能存在的文件，如日志文件、中间编译结果等，这使得它在彻底性上有所不足。</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241118223901534.png" alt="image-20241118223901534" />

<ul>
<li>make distclean</li>
</ul>
<p>这个命令则更为彻底。它不仅清除可执行文件和配置文件，还会清除所有由make命令生成的文件。这包括了编译过程中产生的中间文件、日志文件、缓存文件等。通过执行make distclean，我们能够确保构建环境的完全清洁，为后续的构建过程提供一个干净、无残留的环境。然而，这也意味着清除了一些可能需要保留的文件，比如版本控制系统的缓存文件等。</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241118224126085.png" alt="image-20241118224126085" />

<blockquote>
<p>总结来说，make clean和make distclean的使用场景有所不同。make clean适用于在编译过程中需要局部清理，以排除残留文件影响的情况；而make distclean则适用于构建环境需要彻底清洁的情况，以准备进行新版本的构建或测试。在实际使用中，选择合适的命令可以提高构建过程的效率和准确性。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="3-2-配置工程"><a href="#3-2-配置工程" class="headerlink" title="3.2 配置工程"></a><font size=3>3.2 配置工程</font></h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash">make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- mx6ull_14x14_evk_emmc_defconfig</span> </span><br><span class="line">make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- mx6ull_14x14_evk_defconfig</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


<p>在编译uboot的时候需要我们自定义配置，而nxp官方会提供一些默认配置，这些配置在uboot &#x2F;configs&#x2F;目录下，如：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mx6ull_14x14_evk_defconfig</span><br><span class="line">mx6ull_14x14_evk_emmc_defconfig</span><br><span class="line">mx6ull_14x14_evk_nand_defconfig</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这一些就是nxp官方为imx6ull提供的配置文件，可以编译生成从SD卡启动的uboot、从emmc启动的uboot以及从nand启动的uboot，我们可以根据需求选择不同的配置文件从而编译不同的uboot。</p>
<p>在运行以上配置命令后，Makefile会根据对应的配置文件的内容将配置更新到当前目录下的 <code>.config</code> 文件中，接下来的编译则是根据 <code>.config</code> 文件的配置进行编译的。</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102092057899.png" alt="image-20241102092057899" />

<h3 id="3-3-开始编译"><a href="#3-3-开始编译" class="headerlink" title="3.3 开始编译"></a><font size=3>3.3 开始编译</font></h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">make V=0 ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- -j16</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>编译完成后，会得到这些文件：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102092215192.png" alt="image-20241102092215192" />

<p>这里我们主要是用带有-dtb的这两个文件，imx文件就是bin文件在头部加入了IVT信息得到的，我们烧写到SD卡的时候也是用的imx文件。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>u-boot.bin 是 U-Boot 的主要可执行文件。</p>
<p>u-boot.dtb 是描述硬件信息的设备树文件。</p>
<p>u-boot-dtb.bin 是包含了 U-Boot 和设备树的合并二进制文件。</p>
<p>u-boot-dtb.imx 是为 NXP i.MX 系列处理器生成的特定格式的启动镜像，包含了头部IVT DCD信息。</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="四、下载验证"><a href="#四、下载验证" class="headerlink" title="四、下载验证"></a><font size=3>四、下载验证</font></h1><h2 id="1-ubuntu下烧写到SD卡"><a href="#1-ubuntu下烧写到SD卡" class="headerlink" title="1. ubuntu下烧写到SD卡"></a><font size=3>1. ubuntu下烧写到SD卡</font></h2><ul>
<li>确定SD卡在uboot中的节点：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ls /dev/sd*</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102093014093.png" alt="image-20241102093014093" />

<ul>
<li>烧写到sd卡中</li>
</ul>
<p>我们在uboot下通过以下命令下载到SD卡中：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo dd if=u-boot-dtb.imx of=/dev/sdc bs=1k seek=1 conv=fsync</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>注意不能选错SD卡节点，否则可能会损坏电脑磁盘数据。这个命令直接从偏移1KB的位置开始烧写imx文件。</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102093114942.png" alt="image-20241102093114942" />

<h2 id="2-开发板验证"><a href="#2-开发板验证" class="headerlink" title="2. 开发板验证"></a><font size=3>2. 开发板验证</font></h2><p>我们把alpha开发板拨码开关拨到从SD卡启动，连接好串口，上电，然后就会看到以下内容：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV05-%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F/LV05-02-U-Boot-01-NXP-uboot/img/image-20241102093332377.png" alt="image-20241102093332377" />

<p>一般来说，串口、USB这些在uboot过程中都被初始化好了，我们是从nxp官方拉的源码，所以这些基础的驱动肯定是没问题的，只要开发板串口这些和官方是对应的，就可以直接跑起来，另外正点原子这块板子的屏幕也是可以直接用的，只是分辨率会有些问题，网口是不能用的，后面需要移植。</p>

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